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CIPS L4M5: Commercial Negotiation exam assesses the candidate's capability to negotiate in a commercial setting. It evaluates their ability to balance company needs with supplier expectations, create leverage through unique value propositions and negotiate in a win-win manner. Successful candidates must display their ability to align their negotiation strategies with organizational objectives, balance risk and gain, and exhibit strategic thinking that can lead to business growth.
CIPS L4M5 (Commercial Negotiation) Certification Exam is designed for procurement professionals who want to develop their negotiation skills and become experts in commercial negotiation. Commercial Negotiation certification is suitable for individuals who are involved in the procurement process and need to negotiate contracts, agreements, and deals with suppliers and vendors. L4M5 Exam covers various topics related to commercial negotiation, including negotiation theory, strategy, and tactics.
The CIPS L4M5 exam covers a broad range of topics, including negotiation preparation and planning, the psychology of negotiation, power dynamics, cultural differences, and ethical considerations. By studying for and earning this certification, candidates will gain a detailed understanding of these topics, which will help them to negotiate more effectively and achieve better outcomes for their organizations. Those who pass the exam will be better equipped to navigate the complex and often unpredictable world of commercial negotiations, making them highly desirable candidates for a variety of procurement and supply chain management positions.
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NEW QUESTION # 164
A new manager has been appointed with responsibility for an organisation's category which has major impact on organisational cost base and there are little competitions in the supply market. They have an objective to improve supplier cost structures over time. Which of the following should they carry out first?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The objective of the buyer here is to improve supplier cost structures over time, which requires them to have insight into supplier's current cost information. Purchase price cost analysis (PPCA) can help here. PPCA is a method for gathering, analysing and using price and cost information in asystematic way. The process allows the identification of future savings and opportunities to improve current costs.
STEEPLE analysis is used to analyse the macro environment that may have impact on an organisation.
Competitive rivalry is a part ofPorter's Five Forces which is a tool for strategy making.
Volume concentration is a way to increase the purchasing quantities in order for a buying organisation to improve its leverage in negotiation.
NEW QUESTION # 165
Ma Bell was the sole provider of landline telephone service to most of the US in 1980s. This is an example of...?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A monopoly exists when only one company can supply an essential product or service in a given region because of significant barriers to entry for any competitor. The barriers can be legal, regulatory, economic, or geographic. Ma Bell case is an example of monopoly. The company was broken up in 1982.
A monopsony is a market structure in which a single buyer substantially controls the market as the major purchaser of goods and services offered by many would-be sellers.
Pure or perfect competition is a theoretical market structure in which the following criteria are met:
- All firms sell an identical product (the product is a "commodity" or "homogeneous").
- All firms are price takers (they cannot influence the market price of their product).
- Market share has no influence on prices.
- Buyers have complete or "perfect" information-in the past, present and future-about the product being sold and the prices charged by each firm.
- Resources for such a labor are perfectly mobile.
- Firms can enter or exit the market without cost.
Monopolistic competition characterizes an industry in which many firms offer products or services that are similar, but not perfect substitutes. Barriers to entry and exit in a monopolistic competitive industry are low, and the decisions of any one firm do not directly affect those of its competitors. Monopolistic competition is closely related to the business strategy of brand differentiation
NEW QUESTION # 166
Professional buyer is planning for the next negotiation of a simple one-off contract. This negotiation is typified by which of the following? Select TWO that apply.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Professional buyers, when planning or engaging in negotiation with suppliers, should always be aware of where the intended and actual relationship with this supplier is positioned on the 'spectrum' or 'continuum' of commercial relationships. The relationship spectrum describes the range of commercial relationships between a buyer and supplier based on richness of communication, longevity and mutual dependence.
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In the question, the contract is simple one-off (or spot buy), which means the relationship will likely to be more transactional. In such relationship, price is the most important criteria and buyer may adopt arm's-length approach.
NEW QUESTION # 167
Rose is a senior buyer from a skiing equipment retailer. Rose is concerned about the current ski boot shortage and the number of invoicing problems from a key supplier. Shehas decided to have a video conference with Victor, CEO of the supplier. Initially, she intends to threaten Victor with contract termination unless he can improve the situation. However, she is a little wary of doing this as the switching costs are high. Eventually, she decides to seek solutions by encouraging the other party to offer their views and ideas. Rose also prepares some ideas to discuss with Victor. Which of the following is the persuasion method that Rose intends to use in the forthcoming conference?
Answer: D
Explanation:
There are two major persuasion methods: 'push' and 'pull'.
Persuasion can be defined as encouraging someone to dosomething that you want them to do for you.
Persuasion is reasoning with someone so that they will believe or do something they might not otherwise do.
Persuasion can be considered as 'pushing' on TOP so that they can accept the change in attitude or behaviour as a result of your actions.
Influence is the ability to affect the manner of thinking of another. Influence can be considered as pulling on TOP so that you achieve the same result, but TOP feels they have changed their attitude or behaviour as a result of their reflection and thinking, and not your direct actions.
There are multiple variables to consider when choosing between 'push' and 'pull'. Professor Fiona Dent of Ashridge Business School proposes situations when each style might be most appropriate, breaking down push into 'directive' and 'reasoning' and 'pull' into 'collaborative' and 'visionary':
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In the scenario, Rose intends to let both parties exchange their views and ideas so that solutions to current problems can be found. This is the typical characteristic of collaborative (pull) method.
NEW QUESTION # 168
A negotiation is coming to the end. Both parties haven't had any official commitments. Right before leaving the room, the buyer strongly disagrees with supplier's set up prices and requests a discount. The supplier doesn't reply but nods and smiles. Can the buyer consider these actions as an acceptance?
Answer: B
Explanation:
:
Good negotiators are attuned to all stimuli and not just the verbal and written information exchanged. Tone of voice, body language, facial expressions and other clues from TOP are noticed, and with experience and knowledge, interpreted correctly. This interpretation may also involve knowledge of culture norms and values. A smile, a 'yes' and the type of hospitality received, (in the business context), can mean very different things in different international business cultures.
Trained negotiators will consider non-verbal communication (such as nodding and smiling) and body language as one source of signal from TOP, but will rarely rely wholly on this as a guide to what TOP is thinking or feeling. Furthermore, international and regional cultural considerations must be included here to avoid errors in interpretation. Emotional intelligence also has an important role in forming a more holistic perspective of what TOP may be thinking or feeling.
NEW QUESTION # 169
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